Announcements

  

 

Bachelor of Science in Electronics (Revised)

 

Department of Electronics

Quaid-i-Azam University

Islamabad

  


Division of Courses

Compulsory Requirements

Semester – 1

1

EN-101

Functional English

3

GE

Compulsory/HEC

2

PS-100

Ideology and Constitution of Pakistan

2

GE

Compulsory/HEC

3

IT-100

Application of Information and Communication Technology

2+1

GE

Compulsory/HEC

4

MA-101

Calculus and Analytic Geometry I

3

GE

Compulsory/HEC-QR1

5

PH-101

Introduction to Mechanics and Waves

2

ID

Faculty Elective

6

PH-191

Introduction to Mechanics and Waves-Lab

1

ID

Faculty Elective

7

CS-105

Problem Solving and Programming

2+1

ID

Faculty Elective

 

 

Total Credits

17

 

 

Semester – 2

1

EN-200

Expository Writing

3

GE

Compulsory/HEC

2

IS-100 OR
ET-101

Islamic Studies (For Muslims)
OR
Religions Educations (For Non-Muslims)

2

GE

Compulsory/HEC

3

MA-102

Calculus and Analytic Geometry II

3

ID

Faculty Elective

4

Ph-103

 Electricity and Magnetism

2

ID

Faculty Elective

5

El-110

Digital Logic Design

2+1

Major

Electronics Core

6

PH-193

Electricity and Magnetism-Lab

1

ID

Faculty Elective

7

CS-121

Object Oriented Programming

3+1

ID

Faculty Elective

 

 

Total Credits

18

 

 

Semester – 3

1

GE-XXX

Civics and Community Management

2

GE

Compulsory/HEC

2

GE-XXX

Natural Science (e.g. CH-100/BY-201)

3

GE

Compulsory/HEC

3

GE-XXX

Arts & Humanities/History/Philosophy

2

Chemistry

Compulsory/HEC

4

EL-201

Engineering Mathematics-I

3

Major

Electronics Core

5

EL-202

Basic Circuit Theory

3+1

Major

Electronics Core

6

EL-203

Computer Architecture and Assembly Language

3+1

Major

Electronics Core

 

 

Total Credits

18

 

 

 

Semester – 4

1

GE-XXX

Social Science/Psychology/IR

2

GE

Compulsory/HEC

2

GE-205

Quantitative Analysis

3

GE

Compulsory/HEC-QR2 (ST-200)

3

MS-100

Entreprenurship

2

GE

Compulsory/HEC

4

EL-211

Signals and Systems

3

Major

Electronics Core

5

EL-212

Engineering Math II

3

Major

Electronics Core

6

EL-213

Electronics-I

3+1

Major

Electronics Core

 

 

Total Credits

17

   

Semester – 5

1

EL-301

Engineering Electromagnetics

3

Major

Electronics Core

2

EL-302

Control Systems

3

Major

Electronics Core

3

EL-303

Signal Processing

3+1

Major

Electronics Core

4

EL-304

Microcontroller Interfacing

3+1

Major

Electronics Core

5

ST-101

Introduction to Probability and Statistics

3

ID

Faculty Elective

 

 

Total Credits

17

 

 

Semester – 6

1

EL-311

Electronics-II

3+1

Major

Electronics Core

2

EL-312

Digital Design using VHDL

3+1

Major

Electronics Core

3

EL-313

Communication Theory

3+1

Major

Electronics Core

4

EL-314

Machine Learning

3+1

Major

Electronics Core

 

 

Total Credits

16

 

 

Semester – 7

1

EL-400

Project – I

3

Cap.

Compulsory/HEC

2

EL-401

Electrical Machines

2

Major

Electronics Core

3

EL-402

Field Experience/Internship

3

FE

Compulsory/HEC

4

EL-491

Operating Systems and Networks Lab

2

Major

Electronics Core

5

EL-4XX

Electronics ELective-I

3

Major

Electronics Elec.

6

EL-4XX

Electronics Elective – II

3

Major

Electronics Elec.

 

 

Total Credits

16

 

 

 

Semester – 8

1

EL-411

Project – II

3

Cap. Project

Compulsory/HEC

2

EL-412

Engineering Project Management

2

Major

Electronics Core

3

EL-493

Application Development Laboratory

2

Major

Electronics Elect.

4

EL-4XX

EL Elective3–III

3

Major

Electronics Elect.

5

EL-4XX

EL Elective3–IV

3

Major

Electronics Elect.

 

 

Total Credits

13

 

 

Total Credits for 8 semesters

132

Summary

General Education/Compulsory     

 30 (Mandatory 30: First Four Semester)

Interdisciplinary/Allied/Faculty Elective

 19 (Minimum 12)

Major/Electronics Core  

 74 (Minimum 72)

Field Experience 

 03 (Mandatory 03)

Capstone Project

06 (Mandatory 03)

Total Credits

 132 (HEC Range: 120-144 CHs)

             

 

 

Semester 2

EL-110

Digital Logic Design 

Credits: 3

Prerequisite: None
Course Outline:
Number systems, Boolean algebra and Logic Gates, De Morgan's theorem, Combinational logic design, Karnaugh Maps, multiplexers and de-multiplexers, encoders and decoders, adders, subtractors, arithmetic logic units, multipliers, Sequential logic circuits, latches and flip flops, state tables, registers and counters, state diagrams, state machines, state minimization, memory and programmable logic devices, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), finite statemachines (FSMs), Mealy and Moore machines, Introduction to FPGAs and CPLDs: basic FPGA architecture and configuration, design and implementation flow for FPGAs,
Suggested Books:
1. M. Morris Mano, Michael D. Cilctti, Digital Design, 6th edition, ISBN-139780134549897
2. Yamin Li, Computer Principles and design in Verilog-HDL., Wiley, 2015.
3. Larry L Kinney, Charles II. Roth, Jr, Fundamentals of Logic Design, 7th Edition, 2014
4. R. J. Tocci, Neal Widmer, Greg Moss, Digital Systems: Principles and Applications (Prentice-Hal 1995).
5. Neil II. E. Wesre, David Harris, CMOS VLSI Design, 3rd edition, 2005.

 

Semester 2

 EL-111  Basic Electronic Circuits  Credits: 2
Course Outline:
Basic Electrical Quantities and Laws: Electric Charge, Conductors and Insulators, Electric Current, Voltage, Electric Power and Energy, DC Voltage and Current, AC Voltage and Current. Basic Circuit Elements and Laws: Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor, Voltage Source, Current Source, Ohm's Law, Basic circuits, Kirchoff Voltage Law, Kirchoff Current Law. Series, Parallel and Series-parallel combinations, Voltage and current divider rules. Thevenin and Norton theorems, Source transformations, Basic diode circuits, Transformers, Electrical measurement and Safety.
Suggested Books:
1. Electronics Fundamentals Circuits, Devices and Applications, Thomas L. Floyd, David L.Buckla, Pearson Education Limited, 8th Edition, 2014.
2. Electronic Circuits: Fundamentals and Applications, Michael H. Tooley, 5th Edition, Taylor and Francis, 2020.

 

Semester-3

EL-201 

Engineering Mathematics-I

Credits: 3

Course Outline:
Basic matrix operations: Vector spaces, inner product spaces, linear transformations, matrix eigen value problem, eigenvalues and eigenvectors Differential equations: Series solutions of differential equations, special functions Complex variables: Functions of complex variables, complex integration, complex series,
integration by residues.
Suggested Books:
1. E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 10th edition, (John-Wiley 2011).
2. George B. Arfken and Hans J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicist, 7th edition,
(Academic Press 2013).
3. M. D Greenberg, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 2nd edition, (Pearson 2004).

EL-202

 Circuit Analysis

Credits: 3

Course Outline:
Linear circuits, Independent and dependent sources, Equivalent circuits: star to delta conversions, Node analysis, mesh analysis, superposition, First and second-order circuits, sinusoidal steady- state (SSS) analysis, convolution, sinusoidal response, Power Analysis: Instantaneous and average power, power factor and power factor correction, complex power, maximum power transfer theorem, Two and n-port networks, Transformers.

Suggested Books:
1. William Hayt, Jack Kemmerly, and Steven Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9th edition,
(McGraw-Hil, 2022)
2. Dorf and Svoboda, Introduction to Electric Circuits, 9th edition, (John Wiley, 2013).
3. C. A. Desoer and E. S. Kuh, Basic Circuit Theory, (McGraw-Hill, 1969)

EL-203

Computer Architecture and Assembly Language

Credits: 3+1

Course Outline:
Computer organization: Design methodology, processor design, control design, memory and I/0 design. Basic CPU organization: Instruction set design, design of ALU and other functional units, pipelining and multiprocessing, multiprogramming Memory organization: Memory technology, read only and read/write memory, virtual memory, memory performance, high performance memories, memory management. Bus interface and input/output: Bus design and control, input- output systems, I/0 processors, DMA. Interrupt and polling, CPU, GPU and Micro controller, SoC. Assembly Programming

Suggested Books:
1. Morris Mano and Michael D. Ciletti, Digital Design: With an Introduction to the Verilog HDL,
5th edition, (Pearson, 2012).
2. John F. Wakerly, Digital Design: Principles and Practices, 4th edition, (Prentice Hall, 2005).
3. J. Tocci, Digital systems, Principles and Applications, (Prentice-Hall, 1995).
4. T Floyd, Digital Fundamentals 4th edition (MacMillan publisher 1990).

 

EL-211

Signals and Systems

Credits: 3

Course Outline:
Types of continuous and discrete time signals, linear time invariant systems, differential and difference equations, Fourier series, continuous time and discrete time Fourier transformation, Laplace transformation, time frequency characterization of signals and systems, sampling theorem for analog to digital conversion.

Suggested Books:
1. Alan V. Oppenheim, S. Willsky and S. Hamid Nawab, Signals and Systems, 2nd edition, (Prentice Hall, 1996).
2. B. P. Lathi, Principle s of Linear Systems and signals, 2nd edition (Oxford, 2010).

Semester-4

EL-211

Basic Circuit Theory

             Credits: 3            

Prerequisite: EL-201(Engineering Mathematics I)
Course Outline:
Basic Concepts: Voltage, Current, Power and energy, circuit elements, independent and dependent sources, Kirchhoff's laws, node analysis mesh analysis, linearity, superposition, source transformations, Thevenin's Theorem, Norton's Theorem, two port networks, first and second-order circuits
Power Analysis: Instantaneous and average power, power factor and power factor correction, complex power, maximum power transfer theorem.

Suggested Books:
1.          William Hayt, Jack Kemmerly and steven durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis 8th edition (McGraw-Hill, 2011)
2.          Dorf and Svoboda, Introduction to Electric Circuits, 9th edition (John Wiley, 2013)
3.          C.A Desoer and E.S.Kuh, Basic Circuit Theory (McGraw-Hill, 1969).

EL-221

Digital Logic and Computer Architecture

Credits: 3

Prerequisite: MA-203 (Discrete Mathematics)
Course Outlines:
Review of combinational circuit: Adders, Subtractors, multiplier, encoder, decoder, multiplexer, de-multiplexer 
Combinational Circuits: flip-flops, registers, counters, finite state machines
Microprocessor design: Organization and achitecture, ALU design, instruction set architecture, pipelining, memory system, virtual memory, cache memory, DMA, I/O interface, design, polling, exception handling, assembly language programming.

Suggested Books:
1.       Morris Mano and Michael D. Ciletti, Digital Design: With an Introduction to the Verilog HDL, 5th edition, (Pearson, 2012).
2.       John F. Wakerly, Digital Design: Principles and Practices, 4th edition, (Prentice Hall, 2005).
3.       Brian Holdsworth, Clive Woods, Digital Logic Design, 4th edition, (Elsevier, 2002).
4.       J. Tocci, Digital systems, Principles and Applications, (Prentice-Hall, 1995).
5.       T Floyd, Digital Fundamentals 4th edition (MacMillan publisher 1990).

EL-281

Signals and Systems

Credits: 3

Prerequisite: MA-101 (Calculus and Analytic Geometry I), MA-102 (Calculus and Analytic Geometry II), EL-201 (Engineering Mathematics I)
Course Outline:
Types of continuous and discrete time signals, linear time invariant systems, differential and difference equations, Fourier series, continuous time and discrete time Fourier transformation, Laplace transformation, time frequency characterization of signals and systems, sampling theorem for analog to digital conversion.

Suggested Books:
1.       Alan V. Oppenheim, S. Willsky and S. Hamid Nawab, Signals and Systems, 2nd edition, (Prentice Hall, 1996).
2.       B. P. Lathi, Principle s of Linear Systems and signals, 2nd edition (Oxford, 2010).

EL-202

Probability, Statistics and Random Variables

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  MA-101 (Calculus and Analytic Geometry I), MA-102 (Calculus and Analytic Geometry II), EL-201 (Engineering Mathematics I)
Course Outlines:
Probability, joint and conditional probability, Bayes theorem, random variables, distributions and density functions, the Gaussian random variable, expectation, moments, transformation of a random variable, multiple random variables, statistical estimation and testing, confidence intervals, introduction to linear regression, random processes, stationarity and independence, correlation and covariance, power spectral density, colored and white noise.

Suggested Books:
1.       A. L. Garcia, Probability, Statistics, and Random Processes for Electrical Engineering, 3rd edition, (Pearson, 2008).
2.       S. Lipschutz, Theory and problem of probability, 2nd edition, (McGraw-Hill, 2011).

EL-291

Digital Logic Design Laboratory

             Credits: 1            

List of experiments
1.       Basic logic gates (AND, OR, NOT)
2.       Extended logic gates (Ex-OR, Ex-NOR, NAND, NOR)
3.       Implementation of Boolean functions using logic gates
4.       Adders and subtractors
5.       Flip-flops
6.       Multiplexers
7.       Encoders and decoders
8.       Shift registers
9.       Counters
10.    Arithmetic logic unit
11.    Traffic light controller
12.    Implementation of  Moore and Mealy state machines
13.    Project

EL-292

Basic Circuits Laboratory

Credits: 1

List of experiments
1.       Measurement of different resistances using color coding/multimeter
2.       DC voltage and current measurements
3.       Resistor characteristics using Ohm’s law
4.       Series-parallel resistive network
5.       Kirchhoff’s laws
6.       Superposition, Theremin’s theorem
7.       Norton’s theorems
8.       AC voltage characteristics
9.       Characteristics of RC circuits
10.    Characteristics of RLC circuits
11.    Series resonant circuits
12.    Parallel resonant circuits

Semester-5

EL-340

Control Systems I  

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:   EL-281 (Signal and Systems)
Course Outline:
Control elements: Transducers, switches, actuators, valves, motors
Control Fundamentals: Open loop and closed loop systems, transfer function, signal flow graph, gain formula
Modeling: Mathematical modeling of linear electrical and mechanical systems, state variables, state equations and state diagrams
Analysis and design: Stability, controllability and observability of systems, state variables, state transition matrix, transient and steady state response, root locus method, Nyquist  criterion, PID controllers, lead lag compensators, pole-zero cancellations.

Suggested Books:
1.       Farid Golnaraghi and B. C. Kuo, Automatic Control Systems, 9th edition, (Wiley 2009).
2.       B. C. Kuo, Digital Control Systems, (Wiley, 2010).
3.       
J. J. D’Azzo and C H. Houpis, Linear Control Systems: Analysis and Design, (Prentice-Hall 1985).

EL-341

Electronics I

Credits: 3

Prerequisite: EL-211 (Basic Circuit Theory), EL-201 (Engineering Mathematics I)
Course Outlines:
Diodes: Diode circuit models, special purpose diodes, diode applications
Bipolar junction transistor (BJT): Operations of BJT in different modes, small and large signal models, configuration, analysis and design of BJT amplifiers
Field effect transistors (FET): Structure and operation of MOSFETS, small and large signal models, PMOS transistor, CMOS technology, FET amplifiers
Digital electronics: Operation and design of digital logic gates using discrete elements.

Suggested Books:
1.       Behzad Razavi, Fundamentals of Microelectronics, 2nd edition, (John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2013).
2.       Adel S. Sedra, Kenneth C. Smith, Microelectronics circuits, 7th edition, (Oxford university press, 2014).
3.       Donald A. Neamen, Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition, (McGraw-Hill, 2009).

EL-342

Engineering Mathematics II

Credits: 3

Prerequisite: EL-201 (Engineering Mathematics I)
Course Description:
Numerical methods: Error analysis, numerical solution of equations, interpolation, numerical integration and differentiation, numerical solution of differential equation, numerical methods in linear algebra
Vector Calculus: Multiple integrals, double integrals, triple integrals, change of variables, line integrals, vector fields, fundamental theorem of line integrals, conservative vector fields, potential functions, Green's theorem, curl, divergence
Surface integrals: Surface integrals, surface integrals of vector fields, Stokes' theorem, divergence theorem.

Suggested Books:
1.       E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 10th edition, (John-Wiley 2011).
2.       George B. Arfken and Hans J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 7th edition, (Academic Press 2013).
3.       M. D Greenberg, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 2nd edition, (Pearson 2004).

EL-343

Communication Theory

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  EL-281 (Signal and Systems)
Course Outline:
Signal distortion over communication channel, signal power and power spectral density
Amplitude modulation: Baseband and carrier communications, double sideband (DSB), single sideband (SSB), vestigial sideband (VSB), Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), superhetrodyne AM receiver, carrier acquisition
Television angle modulation: Instantaneous frequency, bandwidth of FM/PM, generation of FM/PM, demodulation of FM/PM
Noise: Mathematical representation, signal to noise ratio, noise in AM, FM, and PM systems
Pulse Modulation: Sampling and quantization, pulse amplitude modulation, pulse position and pulse width modulation, quantization noise, signal to quantization noise ratio, pulse code modulation, delta modulation, frequency shift keying, phase shift keying.

Suggested Books:
1.       B. P. Lathi and Zhi Ding, Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, 4th edition, (Oxford University press, 2009).
2.       B. Sklar, Digital Communication, 2nd edition, (Prentice-Hall 1988).
3.       S. Haykin, Communication Systems, 4th edition, (John-Wiley, 2000).

         

EL-344

Microcontroller Interfacing

Credits: 3

Prerequisite: EL-221 (Digital Logic and Computer Architecture)
Course Outline:
Microcontrollers, peripherals, interfacing memory and I/O devices, microcontroller based hardware design, programmable logic devices, bootstrap loader design, programming peripheral devices, polling and interrupt based I/O interface (involves programming of embedded hardware),  ADC interface with microcontroller using reference design of the controller, development of  an embedded application (Project),   PCB design and programming

Suggested Books:
1.       Muhammad Ali MazidiRolin D. McKinlay, PIC Microcontroller: Using Assembly and C for PIC18, (Pearson 2008).
2.       J. Fluchen, An Introduction to Micro-computer System: Architecture and Interacting (Addison-Wesley 1990).
3.       A. Mitchel, 32-bit Microprocessors, (McGrraw-Hill 1989).
4.       Singh, 16-bit and 32-bit Micro-processor Architecture, Software, and interface Techniques, (Prentice-Hall 1991).

EL-391

Communication Laboratory

Credits: 1

List of experiments:
1.       MATLAB® programming
2.       Signal generation
3.       Power spectral density
4.       Basic channel impairment
5.       Amplitude modulation
6.       Angle modulation

EL-392

Analog Circuits Laboratory I

Credits: 1

List of experiments
1.       Basic diode characteristics and biasing
2.       Design of rectifier circuits (half and full wave rectifiers)
3.       DC filters for rectifier circuits
4.       Basics characteristics of Zener diode
5.       Zener diode based regulation
6.       BJT characteristics
7.       BJT amplifiers
8.       AC response of BJT amplifiers
9.       FET characteristics and biasing
10.     FET amplifiers

EL-393

Microcontroller Interfacing Laboratory

Credits: 1

List of experiments:
1.       Assembly language programming and debugging
2.       C and assembly language interface
3.       Observing timing waveform and control signal
4.       Communication with I/O devices in polling and interrupt mode
5.       Direct memory access (DMA)

Semester-6

EL-350

Electronics II

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  EL-341 (Electronics I)
Course Outline:
Operational amplifier as a black box and its applications, cascade stages and current mirrors, design and analysis of differential amplifiers, high frequency models of BJT and FET, feedback and stability, oscillators, analog filters.

Suggested Books:
1.       Behzad Razavi, Fundamentals of Microelectronics, 2nd edition, (John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2013).
2.       Adel S. Sedra, Kenneth C. Smith, Microelectronics circuits, 7th edition (Oxford university press 2014).
3.       Donald A. Neamen, Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition, (McGraw-Hill 2009).

EL-353

Signal Processing

Credits: 3

Prerequisite: EL-281 (Signal and Systems)
Course Outline:
Discrete-time signals and systems, LTI systems, systems characterized by difference equations, frequency domain, sampling of contineous time signals, reconstruction, up-sampling and down-sampling, Z-transforms and properties, applications to LTI systems, transform domain analysis of LTI systems, system function, rational system function, minimum phase and linear phase systems FIR filter design, fourier transform and fast fourier transform.

Suggested Books:
1.       A. V. Oppenheim and R. W. Schafer, Discrete-Time Signal Processing, 3rd edition, (Pearson Higher Education Inc., 2010).
2.       Ingle and Proakis, Digital Signal Processing using Matlab, 2nd edition, (Thomson-Engineering, 2006).
3.       J. G. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms, and Applications, 4th edition, (Prentice Hall, 2007).

EL-394

Analog Circuits Laboratory II

Credits: 1

List of experiments:
1.       Op-amps, characteristics of Op-amps
2.       Applications of Op-amps.
3.       Data converters (A/D and D/A)
4.       Wave-shaping circuits
5.       555 Timer circuits
6.       PLL

EL-352

Engineering Electromagnetics

Credits: 3

Prerequisite: EL-342 (Engineering Mathematics II)
Course Outline:
Static electric fields: Fundamental postulates, Gauss’s law, conductors and dielectrics in static electric fields, electric flux density, boundary conditions, electrostatic energy
Solution of electrostatic problems: Poisson’s and Laplace’s equations, method of images, method of separation of variables, method of moments, finite difference method, finite element method, boundary value problems
Steady electric currents: Current density and Ohm’s law, static magnetic fields, electromotive force, equation of continuity, boundary condition for current density
Static magnetic fields: Fundamental postulates, magnetic vector potential, magnetic dipole, magnetization, magnetic field intensity
Time varying fields and Maxwell equations: Faraday’s law, differential and integral forms of Maxwell equations, electromagnetic boundary conditions, wave equations and their solutions, time harmonic fields; Plane electromagnetic waves: Plane waves in lossless and lossy media, incidence at plane conducting and dielectric boundary, multiple dielectric interfaces

Suggested Books:
1.       David K. Cheng, Field and wave electromagnetics, 2nd edition, (Addition-Wesley, New York, 2006).
2.       Magdy F. Iskander, Electromagnetic fields and waves, 2nd edition, (Waveland Press, Inc. USA, 2013).
3.       Simon Ramo, John R. Whinnery, Theodore V. Duzer, Fields and waves in communication electronics, 3rd edition, (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1994).
4.       John D. Kraus and Daniel A. Fleisch, Electromagnetics with applications, 5th edition, (Mcgraw-Hill Series in Electrical Engineering, 2010).

EL-351

Digital Design using VHDL

Credits: 3

Prerequisite: EL-221 (Digital Logic and Computer Architecture)
Course Outline:
Introduction to electronic design automation (EDA), hardware modeling with the Verilog HDL, event-driven simulation and test bench, logic system, data types and operators for modeling in Verilog HDL, user define primitives, Verilog models of propagation delays, behavioral description in Verilog HDL, synthesis of combinational logic, synthesis of sequential logic, synthesis of language construct, switch-Level models in Verilog, UART design exercise, BIT-Slice AMD2901 microcontroller design exercise, rapid prototyping with Xilinx FPGA. 

Suggested Books:
1.      M.D. Ciletti, Modeling, Synthesis and Rapid prototyping with the Verilog HDL (Prentice-Hall 1999).
2.       Samir Palnitkar, Verilog HDL, A guide to digital design and synthesis (Sun Microsystems 2003).

EL-397

VHDL Laboratory

Credits: 3

List of experiments:
1.        Full adder/subtractor
2.        Flip Flops
3.        Up/down counter
4.        shift register
5.        multiplexer
6.        NxM binary multiplier
7.        random number generation
8.        newspaper vending machine, traffic light controller
9.        FIFO-Buffer for data acquisition
10.     UART-Transmitter and receiver 

Semester-7

EL-400

Project-I

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  None
Course Outline:
The objective of this course is to apply the theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of electronics by carrying out research and development based final year project design. The project consists of hardware/software implementation by going through research and development phases from inception to completion.  The students are expected to clearly define the research and development problem by a presentation in order to proceed to the implementation phase (next semester).

EL-441

Electrical Machines

Credits: 3

Prerequisite: EL-342 (Engineering Mathematics II), EL-281 (Signal and Systems)
Course Outline:
Introduction to electrical machinery principles: Magnetic field and circuits, magnetization curves characteristics of hard and soft magnetic materials, losses
Transformers: Ideal transformer, single phase transformer, operation and equivalent circuit, auto-transformer
DC machinery fundamentals: Basics, loop rotating between pole faces, commutation, windings, armature reaction, induced voltage and torque equation, power flow and losses, types of DC motors, permanent magnet DC motors
AC machinery fundamentals: Rotating magnetic field, magneto motive force and flux distribution, induced voltage and torque, windings, power flow and losses, introduction to induction machines
Special Purpose Motors: Introduction to single phase induction motors, switched reluctance motors, hysteresis motors, stepper, brushless DC motors

Suggested Books:
1.       Stephen J. Chapman, Electric Machinery Fundamentals, 4th edition, (McGraw-Hill 2005).
2.       Fitzgerald, Kingsley and Umans, Electric Machinery, 7th edition,(McGraw-Hill  2013).
3.       D. P. KothariI. J. Nagrath, Electric Machines, 3rd edition (McGraw-Hill 2004).

EL-404

Antennas and Wave Propagation

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  EL-352 (Engineering Electromagnetics)
Course Outline:
Theory and applications of transmission lines: Parallel plate transmission line, general transmission line equations, wave characteristics on finite transmission lines, transients on transmission lines, Smith chart, transmission line impedance matching
Waveguides and cavity resonators:  Parallel plate waveguide, rectangular waveguides, circular waveguides, dielectric waveguides, cavity resonators
Microwave network analysis:  Impedance and equivalent voltages and currents, impedance and admittance, scattering matrix, transmission matrix, signal flow graphs, discontinuities and modal analysis, excitation of waveguides
Antennas theory and radiating systems:  Radiation fields of elemental dipoles, antenna patterns and antenna parameters, thin linear antennas, antenna arrays, internal impedance and directional pattern, effective area, back scattering cross section

Suggested Books:
1.       Peter A. Rizzi, Microwave engineering: Passive circuits, (Prentice-Hall International, 1988).
2.       David M. Pozar, Microwave engineering, 4th edition, (John Wiley & Sons, 2005).
3.      David K. Cheng, Field and wave electromagnetics, 2nd edition, (Addition-Wesley, New York, 2006).

EL-403

Engineering Project Management

Credits: 3

Prerequisites: None
Course Outline:
Overview of project management: PMI process groups, software project phases, project charter, statement of work
Planning phase: Development lifecycle models, matching lifecycles to projects, project plans, work breakdown structures, estimation of effort and cost
Scheduling: Project network diagram fundamentals, CPM, PERT, Gantt charts, critical chain scheduling, using MS-Project, assigning resources, resource leveling, team models, managing conflict
Project monitoring and control: Status reporting, project metrics, EVM, communications Techniques
Risk management: Change control, project recovery, documentation, post project reviews, closing.

Suggested Books:

1.       Bob Hughes, Mike Cotterell, Software Project Management, (McGraw Hill Higher Education, 2005).

2.       Dwayne Phillips, The Software Project Manager's Handbook - Principles that work at work. 2nd edition, (IEEE Computer Society Press, 2004).

Semester-8

EL-401

Project-II

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  None
Course Outline:
The objective of this course is to apply the theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of electronics by carrying out research and development based final year project. The project consists of hardware/software implementation by going through research and development phases from inception to completion. The phase two of the project course emphasizes more on implementation/simulation focusing on the solution of the proposed problem.  The completion requirements of the project include a demonstration/presentation and dissertation.


Elective Courses

 

EL-450

Information and Coding Theory

Credits 3

Prerequisite: None
Course Outline:
Elements of information theory: Entropy for discrete signals, randomness, self-information, mutual information entropy rate for Markov sources,  bits and codes, compression, maximum entropy, mutual information
Source coding: Huffman coding, Shannon-Fano coding, Shannon's first theorem, channel capacity,  entropy for continuous random variables, channel capacity, Shannon's second theorem, capacity of a band-limited Gaussian channel
Channel coding: Error correcting codes, linear block codes, cyclic codes, convolutional, codes,  Viterbi's decoding algorithm, Hamming space, distance, code applications, Shannon's theory of information, coding theorem, converse, Shannon theory vs. Hamming theory, linear codes, asymptotically good codes, Limpel-Zev algorithm, Golay codes
Algebraic codes: Reed-Solomon, Reed-Muller, Hadamard, decoding of Reed-Solomon codes, Welch-Berlekamp algorithm, list decoding of Reed-Solomon codes, concatenated codes and decoding, maximum likelihood decoding.

        Suggested Books:
1.       Monica Borda, Fundamentals in information theory and coding (2011)
2.       Todd K. Moon, Error Correction Coding: Mathematical Methods and Algorithms 1st edition, 2005.
3.       Shu Lin, Daniel J. Costello Error Control Coding, 2nd edition, 2004
4.       Martin Bossert, Channel Coding for Telecommunications, (Wiley 1999)

EL-451

Communication Systems

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  EL-281 (Signal and Systems)
Course Outline:
Significance of digital communication, overview of signals, spectra, probability and random variables, SNR and , sampling and quantization (uniform and non-uniform), signal to quantization noise ratio (SQNR), detection of a binary signal in Gaussian noise, matched filters and correlators, Baye’s decision criterion, maximum likelihood detector, error performance, inter-symbol interference (ISI), raised cosine pulse, eye-patterns, equalization techniques, vector representation of signals, Gram-Schmidt orthogonality principle, performance analysis of M-array signaling techniques
Error correcting codes: block codes, design and analysis of convolutional codes, advanced techniques for digital communication (e.g. DS-CDMA, FH-CDMA, OFDM, MIMO techniques)

Suggested Books:
1.       B. P. Lathi and Zhi Ding, Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, 4th edition (Oxford University press, 2009).
2.       
B. Sklar, Digital Communication, (Prentice Hall 1988).
3.       
S. Haykin, Communication Systems, 4th edition,  (John Wiley, 2000)

EL-460

Control Systems II

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  EL-340 (Control Systems I)  
Course Outline:
Control of discrete processes, control of continuous processes, design of control systems PID controllers, lead lag compensators, pole-zero cancellations, introduction to digital control, practical systems, analog and microprocessor based control systems, design examples nonlinear control systems, optimal control theory, self-adaptive control systems,  review of states space modeling, linearization of nonlinear systems, response of linear systems controllability and observability-concepts and tests, balanced realization/model reduction, introduction to robustness and performance tradeoff, state feedback and observer output feedback, innovation feedback and Q-parameterization, linear quadratic regulator (LQR), deterministic Kalman filter and LQG/LTR, trajectory tracking control, input shaping, internal model control and repetitive control , Lyapunov stability concepts, topic on nonlinear control

Suggested Books:
1.       Ronald S. Burns, Advanced Control Engineering (2001)
2.       Robert Bateson, Introduction to control system technology, (Prentice Hall 2001)
3.       B. C. Kuo, Digital Control Systems (Wiley, 2010).
4.       Slotine and Li, Applied Nonlinear Control, (Prentice Hall, 1991).
5.       Richard C. Dorf, Robert H. Bishop, Modern Control Systems (Prentice Hall, 2010)

EL-470

Introduction to Digital Image Processing

Credits: 3

Prerequisite: EL-353 (Signal Processing), CS-121  (Object Oriented Programming)
Course Outline:
Image processing basics: Digital image formation and representation, image sensing and acquisition, arithmetic and logic operations, geometric operations, gray level transformations, histogram processing, neighborhood processing, spatial domain filtering, frequency domain filtering, image restoration, introduction to object recognition, feature extraction, content-based image retrieval, image classification and evaluation, remote sensing and interpretation of satellite imagery, medical image understanding technology.

Suggested Books:
1.       R. Gonzalez and Richards E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, 3rd edition, (Pearson Education Inc Publishing, 2008).
2.       M. Sonka, V. Hlavac and R. Boyle, Image Processing, Analysis and Machine Vision, 2nd edition, (PWS Publishing, 1998).
3.       O.  Marques, Practical Image and Video Processing using MATLAB, 1st edition, (Wiley-IEEE Press, 2011).
4.       Larry S. Davis, Foundations of Image Understanding, (Kluwer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science: vol. 628. August, 2001. ISBN: 0-7923-7457-6).
5.       S. Ullman and W. Richards (eds). Image Understanding 1989, (New Jersey: Ablex Publishing Co., 1990).

EL-471

Pattern Recognition

Credits: 3

Prerequisite: None
Course Outline:
Introduction to pattern recognition, feature generation, feature selection, feature vector representations, linear classifiers, clustering, dimensionality reduction, template based recognition,  likelihood ratio test, linear discriminant/perceptron learning, K-nearest neighbor classification, non-parametric techniques and linear discriminant functions, introduction to unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning and multi-instance learning, performance evaluation techniques, training and testing methods.

Suggested Books:
1.       Richard O. Duda, Peter E. Hart, and David G. Stork, Pattern Classification, 2nd edition (Wiley 2000, ISBN: 0-471-05669-3)
2.       Trevor Hastie, Robert Tibshirani & Jerome Friedman, The Elements of Statistical Learning (Springer Verlag, 2001).
3.       Tom Mitchell, Machine Learning, (McGraw Hill, 1997).
4.       A. Webb, Statistical Pattern Recognition, 2nd edition (Wiley, 2002).
5.       D. MacKay, Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms (Cambridge University Press, 2003).
6.       F. van der Heiden, R.P.W. Duin, D. de Ridder, and D.M.J. Tax, Classification, Parameter Estimation, State Estimation: An Engineering Approach Using MatLab (Wiley, New York, 2004).

EL-430

Power Electronics

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  EL-350 (Electronics II)
Course Outline:
Principles of power electronics, converters and applications, circuit components and their effects, control aspects, power electronic devices, power diode, power BJT, power MOSFET, IGBT and SCR, GTO and TRIAC and DIAC, construction, characteristics, operations, losses, ratings, control and protection of thyristors, half-wave and full-wave rectifiers with resistive and inductive loads, un-controlled, semi controlled and fully controlled rectifiers, three-phase rectifiers, uncontrolled, semi controlled and full controlled, six-pulse, twelve-pulse and 24- pulse rectification, PWM converters, DC to AC converters, three-phase inverter, six-pulse, twelve-pulse inverters, PWM inverters, switching mode power supplies, DC to DC conversation, buck converter, boost converter and buckboost converters, isolated converters, forward converters, flyback converters.

Suggested Books:
1.       M. H. Rashid, Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and Applications, 3rd edition (Pearson, 2014).
2.       C. W. Lander, Power Electronics, (McGraw Hill, 1994).
3.       Philip T. Krein, Elements of Power Electronics, (Oxford University Press, 1998).

EL-480

Real-Time Systems

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  None
Course Outline:
Development environments for embedded software, resource aware programming, hardware programming, developing multi-threaded software, inter-process communication with shared memory and message passing, programming using real time operating systems, a real-time operating system using real-time operating systems (e.g. VxWorks), semaphores synchronization and priority inversion synchronization and communication message queues deadlock.

Suggested Books:
1.       J. Catsoulis, Designing Embedded Hardware, 2nd edition, (O’Reilly, 2005).
2.       Michael Barr, Programming Embedded Systems in C and C++, 1st edition, (O’Reilly, 1999).

EL-472

Laser and Fiber Optics

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  None
Course Outline:
Optical fibers and waveguides, ray and wave theory of planar slab and cylindrical waveguides, multimode and single-mode fibers, V-number, fabrication of fiber, attenuation and dispersion in fibers, effects of dispersion on pulse broadening and maximum bit-rate, optical sources,  spectral properties of optical sources, Gaussian beams, optical amplifiers, coupling to fibers, photodetectors, optical receivers, noise, errors, calculation of NEP and D, bandwidth, bit-error-rate, digital optical communication links, coding, analog systems, coherent detection, WDM, DWDM, multiplexers, filters, Bragg gratings, Fabry-perot filters, optical amplifiers, device physics, performance and applications, optical networks, SONET/SDH, nonlinear effects, network topologies, wavelength conversion, switches.

Suggested Books:
1.       John Senior, Optical Fiber Communications, 3rd edition, (Prentice Hall, 2009).
2.       Joseph Palais, Fiber Optic Communications, 5th edition, (Prentice Hall, 2004).
3.       Gerd Keiser, Optical Fiber Communications, 3rd edition, (McGraw-Hill, 2000).
4.       L. Kazovsky, S. Benedetto, and A. Willner, Fiber Communication Systems, (Artech House, 1996).
5.       John Gowar, Optical Communication Systems, 2nd edition, (Prentice-Hall, 1993).

EL-440

Transmissions Lines and Antennas

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  None
Course Outline:
Applications of electromagnetic waves, transmission lines, transient waves, lumped model, impedance transformation, Smith chart, uniform plane wave, plane wave at a media interface, waveguides, dielectric waveguides, introduction, types of antennas, radiation pattern, directivity, gain, polarization, impedance, Friis transmission formula, reciprocity, far-field radiation, radiation integral, array of isotropic sources, Hartezian dipole, thin wire antennas, microstrip antenna, modern trends in antennas, antenna measurements, simulation tools

Suggested Books:
1.       Matthew N. O. Sadiku, Elements of Electromagnetics, 3rd edition, (Oxford University Press, 2001).
2.       E. C. Jordan and K. G. Balmain, Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems, 2nd edition, (PHI,  2000).
3.       John D. Ryder, Networks, Lines and Fields, 2nd edition, (PHI, 1999).
4.       W. L. Stutzman and G. A. Thiele, Antenna Theory and Design, 3rd edition, (Wiley, 2012).

EL-452

Wireless Communications

Credits: 3

Prerequisite:  None
Course Outline:
Cellular wireless networks and system principles, antennas and radio propagation, signal encoding and modulation techniques, spread spectrum, UTRA spreading and modulation, coding and error control, multiple access techniques, generations of  wireless systems, UMTS network and radio access technology, CDMA, soft handoff and power control, wireless LANs, IEEE 802.1x

Suggested Books:
1.       Andreas F. Molisch, Wireless Communications, 2nd edition, (Wiley, 2011).
2.       T. S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, 2nd edition, (Prentice Hall, 2002).
3.       Simon Haykin and Michael Moher, Modern Wireless Communications, (Prentice Hall, 2004).
4.       David Tse and Pramod Viswanath, Fundamentals of Wireless Communication, (Cambridge University Press, 2005).

 

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